Remember These Battles And Those Who Fought & Died To Bring Emancipation To Texas On “Juneteenth”.

Featured Image above:  Joshua Chamberlain, an anti-slavery college professor turned general leads his exhausted men in a bayonet charge at Gettysburg when they ran out of ammunition. That Civil War battle, like most, was fought after the Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863.

The new federal holiday of “Juneteenth” celebrates the liberation of black slaves in Texas on June 19, 1865.  That was almost two and a half years after President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863.

Why the delay?  Only those few today who were taught our nation’s history know the obvious reason.  Most whites in eleven southern states fought a bitter war to keep most blacks who lived there as slaves. It took a Union army and navy of 2.1 million men four long years to defeat them.  Roughly 1.9 million, or 91% of those Union soldiers and sailors were white.  Roughly 178,000, or 9% were black.

Roughly 350,000 of those men were killed in battle, or died from cold, hunger, or disease.  Roughly 310,000 (89%) of those who died were white.  Roughly 40,000 (11%) were black.  Many more were crippled or disfigured.

Most of them fought and died after President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.  Southern whites did not surrender or free their slaves when President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.  On the contrary, the South fought even harder.  Most battles, injuries, and deaths during the Civil War took place AFTER President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.  Below is a list of the major battles that then took place:

December 31, 1862 – January 2, 1863	Battle of Stones River (Second Battle of Murfreesboro)	Tennessee	A	Union	Bragg forced to withdraw after losing 11,739 men.
January 1, 1863	Battle of Galveston (Second Battle of Galveston)	Texas	B	Confederate	John B. Magruder expels occupying Union troops from Galveston, Texas.
January 8, 1863	Second Battle of Springfield	Missouri	D	Union	Confederates enter town, but are unable to take nearby fort.
January 9, 1863	Battle of Arkansas Post (Battle of Fort Hindman)	Arkansas	C	Union	Part of Vicksburg Campaign, fight for control of mouth of Arkansas River.
January 9–11, 1863	Battle of Hartville	Missouri	D	Confederate	Confederates are victorious, but unable to continue raid.
January 29, 1863	Bear River Massacre	Idaho (Washington Territory at the time)	C	Union	American Indian Wars: Shoshone forces massacred by Union troops.
February 3, 1863	Battle of Dover	Tennessee	D	Union	Failed Confederate attack on town.
March 5, 1863	Battle of Fort McAllister (1863)	Georgia	C	Confederate	Confederate forces held off Union Naval sieges
March 5, 1863	Battle of Thompson’s Station	Tennessee	C	Confederate	Earl Van Dorn defeats John Coburn
March 13–15, 1863	Battle of Fort Anderson	North Carolina	D	Union	Daniel H. Hill leads unsuccessful Confederate attack on New Bern.
March 17, 1863	Battle of Kelly’s Ford	Virginia	C	Confederate	Indecisive cavalry battle during Civil War.
March 20, 1863	Battle of Vaught’s Hill	Tennessee	D	Union	Union forces withstand attack by John Hunt Morgan‘s Confederates.
March 25, 1863	Battle of Brentwood	Tennessee	D	Confederate	Union force surrenders.
March 30 – April 20, 1863	Battle of Washington, NC	North Carolina	D	Inconclusive	Hill unable to take North Carolina town from Union forces.
April 7, 1863	First Battle of Charleston Harbor	South Carolina	C	Confederate	Charleston fails to fall to the Union; Fort Sumter holds; USS Keokuk is sunk.
April 10, 1863	Battle of Franklin (1863)	Tennessee	D	Union	Confederates withdraw after rearguard defeat.
April 11 – May 4, 1863	Battle of Suffolk (Hill’s Point) (Battle of Fort Huger)	Virginia	C	Union	Confederate forces captured from a rear attack.
April 11 – May 4, 1863	Battle of Suffolk (Norfleet House); Siege of Suffolk	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Twin battles fought over Suffolk.
April 12–13, 1863	Battle of Fort Bisland	Louisiana	D	Union	Confederate forces retreat from Fort Bisland.
April 14, 1863	Battle of Irish Bend	Louisiana	C	Union	Richard Taylor retreats from Fort Bisland.
April 17, 1863	Battle of Vermillion Bayou	Louisiana	D	Union	Richard Taylor, being vastly outnumbered, retreats after an artillery skirmish.
April 26, 1863	Battle of Cape Girardeau	Missouri	D	Union	Confederate attack fails.
April 29, 1863	Battle of Grand Gulf	Mississippi	C	Confederate	Unsuccessful naval attack by Grant’s forces.
April 29 – May 1, 1863	Battle of Snyder’s Bluff	Mississippi	D	Confederate	Union feint during Vicksburg Campaign.
April 30, 1863	Battle of Day’s Gap	Alabama	C	Union	Union victory during a raid in Alabama.
April 30 – May 6, 1863	Battle of Chancellorsville	Virginia	A	Confederate	Lee defeats Hooker’s Army of Potomac, Jackson mortally wounded.
May 1, 1863	Battle of Port Gibson	Mississippi	B	Union	in Vicksburg campaign, Grant defeats Confederates
May 1–2, 1863	Battle of Chalk Bluff	Arkansas	D	Confederate	Confederates win but can’t continue raid.
May 3, 1863	Second Battle of Fredericksburg	Virginia	B	Union	Union forces under John Sedgwick defeat Confederate forces left to guard the town by Lee.
May 3–4, 1863	Battle of Salem Church	Virginia	B	Confederate	Lee defeats Sedgwick.
May 12, 1863	Battle of Raymond	Mississippi	B	Union	Failed Confederate attempt to protect Vicksburg from approaching Federals.
May 14, 1863	Battle of Jackson, Mississippi	Mississippi	B	Union	Sherman, McPherson defeat Johnston
May 16, 1863	Battle of Champion Hill	Mississippi	A	Union	Grant defeats Pemberton.
May 17, 1863	Battle of Big Black River Bridge	Mississippi	B	Union	Confederate forces trapped in Vicksburg.
May 18 – July 4, 1863	Siege of Vicksburg	Mississippi	A	Union	the siege ends; Grant accepts surrender of second Confederate army under Pemberton.
May 21, 1863	Battle of Plains Store	Louisiana	C	Union	Union victory near Baton Rouge.
May 21 – July 9, 1863	Siege of Port Hudson	Louisiana	A	Union	last Confederate stronghold on Mississippi surrenders; Gardner surrenders to Banks.
June 7, 1863	Battle of Milliken’s Bend	Louisiana	C	Union	In the largest battle fought between Confederate and Black troops, after nearly two days of close combat, the Confederates were defeated in their attempt to raise the siege of Vicksburg.
June 9, 1863	Battle of Brandy Station	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Pleasonton surprises J.E.B. Stuart’s cavalrymen in their camps near Brandy Station.
June 9, 1863	Battle of Lake Providence	Louisiana	D	Union	Confederates withdraw to Floyd, Louisiana.
June 13–15, 1863	Second Battle of Winchester	Virginia	B	Confederate	Confederate victory paves way for Lee’s invasion of the North.
June 17, 1863	Battle of Aldie	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Indecisive battle during Robert E. Lee’s march north.
June 17–19, 1863	Battle of Middleburg	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	J.E.B. Stuart retreats from engagement with Union cavalry.
June 20–21, 1863	Battle of LaFourche Crossing	Louisiana	D	Union	Confederates disengage, and fled to Thibodaux.
June 21, 1863	Battle of Upperville	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Indecisive cavalry battle during Lee’s invasion.
June 24–26, 1863	Battle of Hoover’s Gap	Tennessee	C	Union	Union victory prevents Confederates in Tennessee from coming to the aid of Vicksburg.
June 28, 1863	Second Battle of Donaldsonville	Louisiana	D	Union	Confederate forces failed to take Fort Butler.
June 29–30, 1863	Battle of Goodrich’s Landing	Louisiana	D	Inconclusive	Confederates drive Union Black Regiments off of several plantations.
June 30, 1863	Battle of Hanover	Pennsylvania	C	Inconclusive	J.E.B. Stuart forced to change his route, delaying his efforts to unite with Lee’s force outside Gettysburg.
July 1–2, 1863	Battle of Cabin Creek	Oklahoma (Indian Territory at the time)	C	Union	James Monroe Williams forced Confederate forces to flee.
July 1–3, 1863	Battle of Gettysburg	Pennsylvania	A	Union	Lee loses to Meade, Pickett’s Charge fails, ends second invasion of North. Confederate army arrived in Gettysburg to resupply army, unaware of Union army nearby.
July 4, 1863	Battle of Helena	Arkansas	B	Union	Confederate assault on river port fails securing eastern Arkansas for Union.
July 6–16, 1863	Battle of Williamsport	Maryland	C	Inconclusive	Meade and Lee fight indecisive battle.
July 8, 1863	Battle of Boonsboro	Maryland	D	Inconclusive	Indecisive action at rearguard of Lee’s retreat.
July 9, 1863	Battle of Corydon	Indiana	C	Confederate	Confederate raid results in civilian casualties, including a Lutheran minister.
July 11, 1863	Battle of Fort Wagner	South Carolina	D	Confederate	first of two Union attempts to take Ft. Wagner.
July 12–13, 1863	Battle of Kock’s Plantation	Louisiana	C	Confederate	Union troops retreat to Fort Butler in Donaldsonville, seized during the Second Battle of Donaldsonville.
July 16, 1863	Battle of Grimball’s Landing	South Carolina	D	Confederate	Union troops retreat from James Island.
July 17, 1863	Battle of Honey Springs	Oklahoma (Indian Territory at the time)	B	Union	In Indian Territory, two largely Black and American Indian forces meet. Union victory.
July 18, 1863	Second Battle of Fort Wagner (Battle of Fort Wagner, Morris Island)	South Carolina	B	Confederate	second of two Union attempts to take Ft. Wagner fails, heroism of the 54th Massachusetts.
July 19, 1863	Battle of Buffington Island	Ohio	C	Union	Confederates captured after failing to find a secure retreat.
July 23, 1863	Battle of Manassas Gap	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Indecisive battle by day, Confederates withdraw by night.
July 24–25, 1863	Battle of Big Mound	North Dakota (Dakota Territory at the time)	C	Union	Dakota War of 1862: Union forces defeat Santee and Teton Sioux forces.
July 26, 1863	Battle of Dead Buffalo Lake	North Dakota (Dakota Territory at the time)	D	Union	Sioux Wars/Dakota War of 1862: Sibley defeats Sioux forces.
July 26, 1863	Battle of Salineville	Ohio	D	Union	Confederate Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan surrenders in Ohio. The northernmost battle in the Civil War.
July 28, 1863	Battle of Stony Lake	North Dakota (Dakota Territory at the time)	D	Union	Dakota War of 1862: Sioux forces escape Union forces in pursuit.
August 17 – September 9, 1863	Second Battle of Fort Sumter	South Carolina	B	Confederate	Union’s massive bombardment and naval attack fails to retake the fort.
July 18 – September 7, 1863	Second Battle of Charleston Harbor	South Carolina	B	Inconclusive	Fort Wagner falls to the Union; Confederates still hold Charleston and Fort Sumter.
August 21 – September 8, 1863	Second Battle of Chattanooga	Tennessee	D	Union	Union captures town.
August 23, 1863	Lawrence Massacre (Quantrill’s Raid)	Kansas	C	Confederate	Quantrill’s Raiders pillage the city.
September 1, 1863	Battle of Devil’s Backbone	Arkansas	C	Union	Union victory after heavy fighting.
September 3–5, 1863	Battle of Whitestone Hill	North Dakota (Dakota Territory at the time)	D	Union	Sioux Wars/Dakota War of 1862: Union forces defeat several American Indian tribes including the Sioux and Blackfeet.
September 8, 1863	Second Battle of Sabine Pass	Texas	B	Confederate	Confederate forces place stakes in river to help aim their guns at Union ships.
September 10, 1863	Battle of Bayou Fourche	Arkansas	B	Union	Union victory allows for capture of Little Rock.
September 10–11, 1863	Battle of Davis’s Cross Roads	Georgia	C	Union	Union forces establish defensive positions prior to Chickamauga.
September 19–20, 1863	Battle of Chickamauga	Georgia	A	Confederate	Bragg defeats Rosecrans, George Thomas of US anointed “The Rock of Chickamauga”
September 22, 1863	Battle of Blountville (Battle of Blountsville)	Tennessee	D	Union	Union forces capture town.
September 29, 1863	Battle of Stirling’s Plantation	Louisiana	C	Confederate	Federal troops surrendered after being encircled by cavalry dressed as Union soldiers.
October 6, 1863	Battle of Baxter Springs	Kansas	C	Confederate	Quantrill’s Raiders massacre Union Black Troops during U.S. Civil War.
October 10, 1863	Battle of Blue Springs	Tennessee	D	Union	Confederate forces overrun.
October 13, 1863	First Battle of Auburn	Virginia	D	Union	J.E.B. Stuart escapes by hiding in a ravine.
October 14, 1863	Battle of Bristoe Station	Virginia	B	Union	Meade defeats elements of Lee’s forces, but Confederates destroy railroad during retreat.
October 14, 1863	Second Battle of Auburn	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Confederates attack Union rearguard, indecisive.
October 16–18, 1863	Battle of Fort Brooke	Florida	D	Union	Union troops raided the Jean Street Shipyard burning two notorious blockade runners, and disrupting exports.
October 19, 1863	Battle of Buckland Mills	Virginia	D	Confederate	Union cavalry caught in ambush, defeated.
October 25, 1863	Battle of Pine Bluff	Arkansas	D	Union	Confederate attack fails.
October 28–29, 1863	Battle of Wauhatchie	Tennessee	B	Union	Longstreet defeated by Union forces.
November 3, 1863	Battle of Collierville	Tennessee	D	Union	Abortive Confederate attack on the town.
November 6, 1863	Battle of Droop Mountain	West Virginia	B	Union	Union troops forced Confederate forces to retreat to Lewisburg.
November 7, 1863	Second Battle of Rappahannock Station	Virginia	B	Union	Union forces surge across river, forcing Lee to retreat.
November 16, 1863	Battle of Campbell’s Station	Tennessee	D	Union	Confederate double-envelopment attempt fails.
November 24, 1863	Battle of Lookout Mountain	Tennessee	A	Union	Joseph Hooker takes Lookout Mountain in the “Battle Above the Clouds.” Note: combined with the Battle of Missionary Ridge as Chattanooga III in the CWSAC report.
November 25, 1863	Battle of Missionary Ridge	Tennessee	A	Union	Grant routs Braxton Bragg‘s army ending the siege of Union forces in Chattanooga. Note: combined with the Battle of Lookout Mountain as Chattanooga III in the CWSAC report.
November 27 – December 2, 1863	Battle of Mine Run	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Meade bombards Lee’s Confederates but then withdraws.
November 27, 1863	Battle of Ringgold Gap	Georgia	B	Confederate	Confederates under Patrick Cleburne defeat Union forces under Joseph Hooker.
November 29, 1863	Battle of Fort Sanders	Tennessee	B	Union	Longstreet unable to take fort due to poor quality gunpowder.
December 14, 1863	Battle of Bean’s Station	Tennessee	D	Confederate	Union forces withdraw a short distance.
December 29, 1863	Battle of Mossy Creek	Tennessee	D	Union	Confederate cavalry forced back.
January 17, 1864	Battle of Dandridge	Tennessee	C	Confederate	Union forces withdraw.
January 26, 1864	Battle of Athens	Alabama	D	Union	Union victory in Northern Alabama.
January 27, 1864	Battle of Fair Garden	Tennessee	C	Inconclusive	Union victory followed by withdrawal.
February 6–7, 1864	Battle of Morton’s Ford	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Diversionary Union attack.
February 13, 1864	Battle of Middle Boggy Depot	Oklahoma (Indian Territory at the time)	D	Union	Union troops massacred Confederate forces as the Confederates burned their encampments.
February 14–20, 1864	Battle of Meridian	Mississippi	C	Union	Sherman occupies town.
February 20, 1864	Battle of Olustee	Florida	B	Confederate	Union fails to take Florida.
February 22, 1864	Battle of Okolona	Mississippi	B	Confederate	Confederate cavalry, commanded by Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, routed 7,000 cavalry under the command of Brig. Gen. William Sooy Smith.
February 22–27, 1864	First Battle of Dalton	Georgia	C	Confederate	After several days of intense skirmishing, Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas‘s army withdrew upon realizing Gen. Joseph E. Johnston‘s troops could repel any assault. However, the intelligence garnered from the Battle of Dalton helped pave the way for a Union victory in the summer.
March 2, 1864	Battle of Walkerton	Virginia	C	Confederate	controversy surrounding the Dahlgren Affair.
March 12–14, 1864	Battle of Fort De Russy	Louisiana	B	Union	Fort DeRussy fell and the Red River to Alexandria was open.
March 25, 1864	Battle of Paducah	Kentucky	C	Confederate	Confederate raid by Forrest successful.
April 3–4, 1864	Battle of Elkin’s Ferry	Arkansas	C	Union	Confederates unable to prevent Union river crossing.
April 8, 1864	Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross Roads	Louisiana	A	Confederate	Banks Union Red River Campaign halted by the Confederates.
April 9–13, 1864	Battle of Prairie D’Ane	Arkansas	B	Union	Frederick Steele defeats Sterling Price.
April 9, 1864	Battle of Pleasant Hill	Louisiana	B	Union	Confederate attack fails.
April 12, 1864	Battle of Fort Pillow	Tennessee	B	Confederate	N.B. Forrest takes fort, massacres black soldiers.
April 12–13, 1864	Battle of Blair’s Landing	Louisiana	C	Union	Confederate forces retreated after constant Naval bombardments.
April 17, 1864	Battle of Plymouth	North Carolina	C	Confederate	Confederate land forces, supported by naval ram, retake two Union forts near Plymouth, North Carolina.
April 18, 1864	Battle of Poison Spring	Arkansas	C	Confederate	Part of Red River Campaign in Arkansas, black troops massacred.
April 23, 1864	Battle of Monett’s Ferry	Louisiana	C	Union	Confederate forces driven back.
April 25, 1864	Battle of Marks’ Mills	Arkansas	D	Confederate	Part of Red River Campaign in Arkansas.
April 30, 1864	Battle of Jenkins’ Ferry	Arkansas	C	Union	Part of Red River Campaign in Arkansas.
May 5, 1864	Battle of Albemarle Sound	North Carolina	C	Inconclusive	Indecisive naval battle during U.S. Civil War.
May 5–7, 1864	Battle of the Wilderness	Virginia	A	Inconclusive	Grant and Lee meet inconclusively.
May 6–7, 1864	Battle of Port Walthall Junction	Virginia	C	Union	Union forces destroy railroad
May 7–13, 1864	Battle of Rocky Face Ridge	Georgia	C	Union	Due to a flanking movement by Union troops under Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, Confederates led by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston were forced to evacuate their strong position near Atlanta.
May 8–21, 1864	Battle of Spotsylvania Court House	Virginia	A	Inconclusive	Grant and Lee meet inconclusively, Grant writes to Halleck “I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer”.
May 9, 1864	Battle of Swift Creek	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Union forces damage railroad, but are stopped by Confederate forces.
May 9, 1864	Battle of Cloyd’s Mountain	Virginia	C	Union	Union victory, Confederate General Albert G. Jenkins killed.
May 10, 1864	Battle of Chester Station	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Union forces under Benjamin Butler pushed back.
May 10, 1864	Battle of Cove Mountain	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Union forces under William W. Averell fought off Confederate attack and escaped under cover of the night.
May 11, 1864	Battle of Yellow Tavern	Virginia	C	Union	Union forces win cavalry battle, J.E.B. Stuart is mortally wounded.
May 12–16, 1864	Battle of Proctor’s Creek	Virginia	B	Confederate	Beauregard defeats Butler.
May 13, 1864	Battle of Resaca	Georgia	C	Inconclusive	Sherman defeats Johnston
May 15, 1864	Battle of New Market	Virginia	B	Confederate	Confederate forces halt Union army under Franz Sigel from advance up the Shenandoah Valley.
May 16, 1864	Battle of Mansura	Louisiana	C	Union	Confederates are flanked and forced to retreat.
May 17, 1864	Battle of Adairsville	Georgia	C	Union	Failed Confederate attempt to destroy part of the Union force approaching Atlanta.
May 18, 1864	Battle of Yellow Bayou	Louisiana	C	Inconclusive	Union and Confederate forces traded ground until both sides retired, with no valuable gain from either side.
May 20, 1864	Battle of Ware Bottom Church	Virginia	C	Confederate	Beauregard boxes Butler in.
May 23–26, 1864	Battle of North Anna	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Lee outmaneuvers Grant, but because of illness, he is unable to capitalize.
May 24, 1864	Battle of Wilson’s Wharf	Virginia	D	Union	Confederates under Fitzhugh Lee defeated by two Union black regiments.
May 25–26, 1864	Battle of New Hope Church	Georgia	C	Confederate	Hooker’s forces defeated.
May 26 – June 4, 1864	Battle of Dallas (Georgia)	Georgia	C	Union	Confederate withdrawal in Georgia.
May 27, 1864	Battle of Pickett’s Mill	Georgia	C	Confederate	Unsuccessful attack by Sherman on Johnston.
May 28, 1864	Battle of Haw’s Shop	Virginia	C	Union	Union advance halted.
May 28–30, 1864	Battle of Totopotomoy Creek	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Union forces pushed back.
May 30, 1864	Battle of Old Church	Virginia	C	Union	Union forces drive Confederates back to Cold Harbor.
May 31 – June 12, 1864	Battle of Cold Harbor	Virginia	A	Confederate	Lee repulses Grant, Confederate soldier says “We felt it was murder, not war”.
June 5, 1864	Battle of Piedmont	Virginia	B	Union	Union forces under David Hunter defeat Confederate defenses on march to Staunton, Virginia, upper Shenandoah Valley.
June 6, 1864	Battle of Old River Lake	Arkansas	C	Union	Colton Greene failed to prevent Union advance.
June 6 – July 3, 1864	Battle of Marietta	Georgia	B	Union	Confederates withdrew; Leonidas Polk † is killed.
June 9, 1864	First Battle of Petersburg	Virginia	D	Confederate	Beauregard defeats Butler.
June 10, 1864	Battle of Brice’s Crossroads	Mississippi	B	Confederate	N.B. Forrest routs Union force almost three times as large.
June 11–12, 1864	Battle of Cynthiana	Kentucky	C	Union	Union Brig. Gen. Stephen Gano Burbridge defeated Confederate Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan. Most Confederate soldiers were casualties, though Morgan escaped.
June 11–12, 1864	Battle of Trevilian Station	Virginia	B	Confederate	Confederate victory, George Armstrong Custer nearly surrounded and has to be rescued by Sheridan.
June 15–18, 1864	Second Battle of Petersburg	Virginia	A	Confederate	Lee repulses Grant at back door to Richmond.
June 17–18, 1864	Battle of Lynchburg	Virginia	B	Confederate	Fake Confederate reinforcements lead to Union retreat.
June 21–24, 1864	Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Union siege lines extended for Siege of Petersburg.
June 22, 1864	Battle of Kolb’s Farm	Georgia	C	Union	Confederate attack fails due to poor terrain conditions.
June 24, 1864	Battle of Saint Mary’s Church	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Union forces fight a successful delaying action.
June 25, 1864	Battle of Staunton River Bridge	Virginia	C	Confederate	Union troops failed to take the Staunton River Bridge.
June 27, 1864	Battle of Kennesaw Mountain	Georgia	B	Confederate	Johnston repulses Sherman.
June 28, 1864	Battle of Sappony Church	Virginia	D	Confederate	Union forces were forced into a chaotic retreat.
June 29, 1864	First Battle of Ream’s Station	Virginia	C	Confederate	Maj. Gen. William Mahone and Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee defeated Union cavalry raiding Confederate railroads south of Petersburg, Virginia.
July 9, 1864	Battle of Monocacy (Battle of Monocacy Junction)	Maryland	B	Confederate	Union Gen. Lew Wallace slows up Jubal Early, saving DC.
July 11–12, 1864	Battle of Fort Stevens	District of Columbia	B	Union	Failed Confederate attempt to capture Washington, D.C., President Lincoln, observing the battle, comes under Confederate fire.
July 14–15, 1864	Battle of Tupelo	Mississippi	B	Union	Confederate forces under Stephen D. Lee are defeated and Nathan Bedford Forrest is wounded in action.
July 18–19, 1864	Battle of Cool Spring	Virginia	C	Confederate	Joseph Thoburn led a full retreat after being surrounded by Confederate forces.
July 20, 1864	Battle of Peachtree Creek	Georgia	B	Union	(Atlanta Campaign) First Confederate attack against Union forces north of Atlanta fails.
July 20, 1864	Battle of Rutherford’s Farm	Virginia	D	Union	Confederates under Jubal Early caught by surprise and defeated.
July 22, 1864	Battle of Atlanta	Georgia	B	Union	(Atlanta Campaign) Sherman turns back Hood’s attack east of Atlanta.
July 24, 1864	Second Battle of Kernstown	Virginia	B	Confederate	Jubal Early defeats Union forces.
July 27–29, 1864	First Battle of Deep Bottom	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Union forces besieged Confederate positions, but the Confederates held their ground.
July 28, 1864	Battle of Ezra Church	Georgia	B	Union	(Atlanta Campaign) Confederate attack on Union army northwest of Atlanta fails to gain element of surprise, finding entrenched Union forces. Union victory.
July 28–29, 1864	Battle of Killdeer Mountain	North Dakota (Dakota Territory at the time)	C	Union	Sioux Wars/Dakota War of 1862: Union forces defeat Sioux.
July 30, 1864	Battle of the Crater	Virginia	A	Confederate	Lee defeats Burnside.
August 1, 1864	Battle of Folck’s Mill	Maryland	D	Inconclusive	Indecisive Civil War battle.
August 2–23, 1864	Battle of Mobile Bay	Alabama	A	Union	David Farragut takes port, says “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead”.
August 5–7, 1864	Battle of Utoy Creek	Georgia	C	Inconclusive	(Atlanta Campaign) Indecisive battle on Union right flank near Atlanta.
August 7, 1864	Battle of Moorefield	West Virginia	C	Union	Union forces routed Confederates, forcing them to scatter from Moorefield.
August 14–15, 1864	Second Battle of Dalton	Georgia	D	Union	Union forces withstand attack until relieved.
August 14–20, 1864	Second Battle of Deep Bottom	Virginia	B	Confederate	The Confederates drove back the Union threat, but at a cost of diluting their forces as the Union had hoped.
August 16, 1864	Battle of Guard Hill	Virginia	C	Union	Federals successfully counterattacked against the Confederates, resulting in a chaotic Confederate retreat.
August 18–21, 1864	Battle of Globe Tavern	Virginia	B	Union	Confederate forces lose control of railroads at Petersburg.
August 20, 1864	Battle of Lovejoy’s Station	Georgia	D	Confederate	Confederates repel Union raiders attacking the station.
August 21, 1864	Second Battle of Memphis	Tennessee	C	Union	Partially successful Confederate raid.
August 21, 1864	Battle of Summit Point	West Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Union and Confederate forces traded dominance at Summit Point.
August 25, 1864	Second Battle of Ream’s Station	Virginia	B	Confederate	Union lines overrun by Confederates.
August 25–29, 1864	Battle of Smithfield Crossing	West Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Confederate forces routed a small Union detachment, but a Union counterattacked stopped the Confederates; ultimately ending the last engagement in West Virginia of the Civil War.
August 31 – September 1, 1864	Battle of Jonesborough	Georgia	A	Union	William J. Hardee‘s Confederates defeated, resulting in Atlanta’s fall the following day.
September 3–4, 1864	Battle of Berryville	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	At the same time Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early sent Maj. Gen. Joseph B. Kershaw‘s division to attack Colonel Joseph Thoburn‘s division of the VIII Corps, and Kershaw initially routed Thoburn’s left flank. Darkness ended the fighting. The next morning, Early, seeing the strength of the Union’s entrenched line, retreated behind Opequon Creek.
September 19, 1864	Battle of Opequon (Third Battle of Winchester)	Virginia	A	Union	Sheridan defeats Early, several officers killed or wounded on both sides.
September 21–22, 1864	Battle of Fisher’s Hill	Virginia	B	Union	Successful Union frontal assault.
September 27, 1864	Battle of Fort Davidson (Battle of Pilot Knob)	Missouri	B	Union	Union forces detonate their own fort after losing to Confederates.
September 29–30, 1864	Battle of Chaffin’s Farm (New Market Heights)	Virginia	B	Union	Union forces victorious, but fail to capture several forts.
September 30 – October 2, 1864	Battle of Peebles’ Farm	Virginia	B	Union	Union victory near Petersburg.
October 1–3, 1864	First Battle of Saltville	Virginia	C	Confederate	Confederates defeat Union Black Cavalry, war crimes committed against captured blacks.
October 5, 1864	Battle of Allatoona	Georgia	B	Union	Union fortifications hold.
October 7, 1864	Battle of Darbytown and New Market	Virginia	C	Union	John Gregg is killed, Confederates withdraw to Richmond.
October 9, 1864	Battle of Tom’s Brook	Virginia	C	Union	Union cavalry defeats Confederates.
October 13, 1864	Battle of Darbytown Road	Virginia	D	Confederate	Federal assault on Confederate fortifications repulsed with heavy casualties.
October 15, 1864	Battle of Glasgow	Missouri	C	Confederate	Union forces surrender.
October 19, 1864	Second Battle of Lexington	Missouri	D	Confederate	Union forces driven out of town.
October 19, 1864	Battle of Cedar Creek	Virginia	A	Union	Sheridan defeats Early, drives Confederates from Shenandoah Valley.
October 21, 1864	Battle of Little Blue River	Missouri	D	Confederate	Confederate victory in Missouri.
October 22–23, 1864	Battle of Byram’s Ford	Missouri	B	Union	Confederates under Marmaduke defeated.
October 22, 1864	Second Battle of Independence	Missouri	C	Inconclusive	Union forces occupy town.
October 23, 1864	Battle of Westport	Missouri	A	Union	Union forces win decisive battle to take control of Missouri.
October 25, 1864	Battle of Marais des Cygnes	Kansas	C	Union	Price’s Confederates pursued into Kansas.
October 25, 1864	Battle of Mine Creek	Kansas	C	Union	Price’s army crushed, flees back into Missouri.
October 25, 1864	Battle of Marmiton River	Missouri	D	Union	Price escapes Union pursuit.
October 26–29, 1864	Battle of Decatur	Alabama	C	Union	Confederates unable to cross river.
October 27–28, 1864	Battle of Boydton Plank Road	Virginia	B	Inconclusive	Union forces take control of road, but withdraw after battle.
October 27–28, 1864	Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road	Virginia	C	Confederate	Confederates repel a Union attack.
October 28, 1864	Second Battle of Newtonia	Missouri	B	Union	James G. Blunt defeats Joseph O. Shelby.
November 4–5, 1864	Battle of Johnsonville	Tennessee	B	Confederate	Confederates bombard Union forces during the night after a fire starts near union positions.
November 11–13, 1864	Battle of Bull’s Gap	Tennessee	D	Confederate	Minor Confederate victory during U.S. Civil War.
November 22, 1864	Battle of Griswoldville	Georgia	B	Union	Sherman’s march to the sea continued.
November 24, 1864	Battle of Columbia	Tennessee	C	Confederate	Confederates divert attention.
November 28, 1864	Battle of Buck Head Creek	Georgia	C	Union	Union forces repel a Confederate attack.
November 29, 1864	Battle of Spring Hill	Tennessee	B	Union	Confederate mistakes allow Federal forces to redeploy, leading to the Battle of Franklin.
November 29, 1864	Sand Creek massacre	Colorado (Colorado Territory at the time)	B	Union	Colorado War: U.S. forces massacre Cheyenne and Arapaho.
November 30, 1864	Battle of Honey Hill	South Carolina	C	Confederate	The third battle of Sherman’s March to the Sea was a failed Union Army expedition under Maj. Gen. John P. Hatch that attempted to cut off the Charleston and Savannah Railroad in support of Sherman’s projected arrival in Savannah.
November 30, 1864	Battle of Franklin (1864)	Tennessee	A	Union	Hood attacks Schofield but suffers crushing losses; Pickett’s Charge of the West.
December 4, 1864	Battle of Waynesboro, Georgia	Georgia	C	Union	Kilpatrick stops Wheeler from attacking Sherman.
December 5–7, 1864	Third Battle of Murfreesboro	Tennessee	D	Union	Confederate raid mostly unsuccessful.
December 7–27, 1864	First Battle of Fort Fisher	North Carolina	C	Confederate	Failed Union attempt to take fort.
December 13, 1864	Second Battle of Fort McAllister	Georgia	B	Union	William B. Hazen captures Fort McAllister.
December 15–16, 1864	Battle of Nashville	Tennessee	A	Union	Thomas attacks and virtually destroys Hood’s Confederate Army of Tennessee.
December 17–18, 1864	Battle of Marion	Virginia	D	Union	Union forces destroy beneficial infrastructure.
December 20–21, 1864	Second Battle of Saltville	Virginia	C	Union	Confederate forces retreated, and General George Stoneman‘s troops entered the town and destroyed the saltworks.
January 13–15, 1865	Second Battle of Fort Fisher	North Carolina	A	Union	Union takes fort.
February 3, 1865	Battle of Rivers’ Bridge	South Carolina	D	Union	Union forces capture river crossing.
February 5–7, 1865	Battle of Hatcher’s Run	Virginia	B	Union	Union force launch unexpected attack.
February 22, 1865	Battle of Wilmington (North Carolina)	North Carolina	D	Union	Last Confederate port falls.
March 2, 1865	Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia	Virginia	B	Union	Remnants of Confederate Army of the Valley are destroyed.
March 6, 1865	Battle of Natural Bridge	Florida	C	Confederate	Confederate victory in Florida prevents the capture of Tallahassee.
March 7–10, 1865	Battle of Wyse Fork	North Carolina	D	Union	Confederate attacks repelled by Union artillery.
March 10, 1865	Battle of Monroe’s Cross Roads	North Carolina	D	Inconclusive	Confederates delayed Federal Calvalry movement towards Fayetteville.
March 16, 1865	Battle of Averasborough	North Carolina	C	Inconclusive	Union and Confederate forces attack one another in turn, both attacks fail.
March 19–21, 1865	Battle of Bentonville	North Carolina	A	Union	Sherman defeats Confederates
March 25, 1865	Battle of Fort Stedman	Virginia	A	Union	Lee attempts to break siege.
March 27 – April 8, 1865	Battle of Spanish Fort	Alabama	B	Union	Union forces capture fort just east of Mobile.
March 29, 1865	Battle of Lewis’s Farm	Virginia	C	Union	Union forces capture Confederate earthworks.
March 31, 1865	Battle of White Oak Road	Virginia	B	Union	Confederate forces under Richard H. Anderson defeated.
March 31, 1865	Battle of Dinwiddie Court House	Virginia	C	Confederate	Pickett defeats Sheridan.
April 1, 1865	Battle of Five Forks	Virginia	A	Union	Sheridan routs Confederates.
April 2, 1865	Battle of Selma	Alabama	B	Union	Wilson defeats Forrest.
April 2, 1865	Third Battle of Petersburg	Virginia	A	Union	Grant defeats Lee.
April 2, 1865	Battle of Sutherland’s Station	Virginia	C	Union	Lee’s supply lines are cut.
April 3, 1865	Battle of Namozine Church	Virginia	D	Inconclusive	Several Confederates captured, Custer‘s brother earns Medal of Honor.
April 5, 1865	Battle of Amelia Springs	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Confederates forced Union troops to retreat, however Union forces linked up and prevented another counter-attack.
April 6, 1865	Battle of Rice’s Station	Virginia	D	Union	Confederate forces are caught off guard by John Gibbon‘s forces.
April 6, 1865	Battle of Sayler’s Creek (or Sailor’s Creek)	Virginia	B	Union	Lee realizes his army is on the verge of defeat.
April 6–7, 1865	Battle of High Bridge	Virginia	C	Inconclusive	Union forces thwart Lee’s attempts to burn bridges and to resupply, Grant proposes that Lee surrender, but he refuses.
April 7, 1865	Battle of Cumberland Church	Virginia	C	Confederate	Union forces attack Confederate rearguard, but darkness cuts the attack short.
April 8, 1865	Battle of Appomattox Station	Virginia	B	Union	Union forces thwart Lee’s final attempt to resupply.
April 9, 1865	Battle of Appomattox Court House	Virginia	A	Union	Lee’s forces surrounded. He subsequently surrenders.
April 9, 1865	Battle of Fort Blakeley	Alabama	A	Union	Union forces capture fort east of Mobile.
May 12–13, 1865	Battle of Palmito Ranch	Texas	D	Confederate	Last battle in Texas during final phases of the Civil War. Southernmost battle on land in Civil War.

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